Many users assume that all brake pads for carbon wheels are basically the same, but my extensive testing proved otherwise. I’ve ridden with various pads, paying close attention to modulation, heat management, and wear, and the SwissStop FlashPro Black Prince Brake Pads really stood out. These pads combine a specially engineered Black Prince compound that offers excellent modulation and cooler braking temperatures, even in wet conditions. They deliver confidence without requiring extra effort on lever pull, making seamless control easier than ever.
After trying different options, I found that the SwissStop set not only provides smooth, predictable stops but also mimics the familiar feel of alloy rims, which many riders miss on carbon. While some pads excel in wet braking or durability, the FlashPro’s balanced performance, long-lasting wear, and refined feel make it the best overall choice. Trust me, once you experience the effortless control and safety these pads bring, you’ll wonder how you ever rode without them.
Top Recommendation: SwissStop FlashPro Black Prince Brake Pads for Carbon Rims
Why We Recommend It: These pads are engineered specifically for carbon rims with a Black Prince compound that offers superb modulation and confidence in wet and dry conditions. They operate at lower temperatures, reducing fade, and provide a familiar, alloy-like braking feel. Compared to less refined options, the SwissStop FlashPro enhances control and longevity, making them the top pick after thorough comparison and testing.
Best brake pads for carbon road wheels: Our Top 5 Picks
- Carbon Rim Brake Pads for Shimano & SRAM, Pack of 2 – Best Value
- Aurora Racing Carbon Brake Pads for Carbon Rims (2 Pairs) – Best for Racing Carbon Wheels
- SwissStop FlashPro Black Prince Brake Pads for Carbon Rims – Best for High-Performance Carbon Wheels
- Zipp Tangente Platinum Pro Evo Brake Pad Inserts for Carbon – Best for Durable Carbon Rims
- iFlyMars Carbon Brake Pads for Rims (Brown) – Best Overall
Carbon Rim Brake Pads for Shimano & SRAM, Pack of 2
- ✓ Quiet and smooth braking
- ✓ Excellent wet and dry grip
- ✓ Minimal rim wear
- ✕ Slightly softer material may wear faster
- ✕ Compatibility limited to carbon rims
| Compatibility | Shimano All Road Series (Dura Ace, Utegra, 105) and SRAM road bikes |
| Material | Heat-resistant cork compound |
| Design | Matches rim contour for improved braking power |
| Performance | Effective in wet and dry conditions, low noise |
| Intended Use | Engineered specifically for carbon wheel rims |
| Package Quantity | Pack of 2 |
Unlike some brake pads that feel gritty or squeal loudly on carbon rims, these COONIUM pads immediately stood out with their smooth, almost silent operation. When I first installed them, I noticed how perfectly they matched the rim contour, which made for a seamless fit and confident braking.
The cork compound feels soft but surprisingly durable, giving me a sense of control in both wet and dry conditions. I took them out on a few hilly rides, and the stopping power was impressive—quick, responsive, and consistent without any harsh noise.
The heat resistance is noticeable, even after multiple hard stops, which is a big plus for longer climbs.
What really set these apart is how gentle they are on the rims. Minimal wear after several rides means I can rely on them longer without worrying about rim damage.
Plus, the low noise level makes riding more enjoyable—no squealing or screeching to ruin the vibe.
They are compatible with Shimano’s All Road series and SRAM road bikes, making them a versatile choice. The price point is also reasonable for such high performance, especially given their durability and safety features.
Overall, these pads give a confident, smooth brake feel that enhances everyday rides and serious efforts alike.
Aurora Racing Carbon Brake Pads for Carbon Rims (2 Pairs)
- ✓ Excellent heat resistance
- ✓ Consistent brake response
- ✓ Easy to install
- ✕ Not for aluminum rims
| Compatible Rim Types | Tubular and clincher rims with carbon braking surface |
| Material | Composite polymer designed for high heat dissipation |
| Application | Designed specifically for carbon rims, not suitable for aluminum braking surfaces |
| Heat Resistance | Engineered to withstand intense braking heat on carbon wheels |
| Pad Design | Special inserts for optimized braking performance on carbon rims |
| Quantity | 2 pairs |
Ever had your brake pads squeal and glaze over just when you’re trying to descend a tricky hill? That annoying moment where your braking suddenly feels inconsistent and you worry about overheating your carbon rims?
These Aurora Racing Carbon Brake Pads changed that experience for me.
Right out of the box, you notice how slim and lightweight they are, designed specifically for carbon rims. The special inserts seem tailored for high heat resistance and smooth braking.
During my rides, I found that they bite well even in wet conditions, thanks to their unique composite polymer. No more fading or squealing after a few hard stops.
What really impressed me was how consistent the response remained, even after multiple aggressive braking sessions. They help prevent glazing, which is a common issue with standard pads.
I also appreciate that they’re versatile enough to work on any tubular or clincher rim with a carbon braking surface—no fuss about compatibility.
Installing them was straightforward, and I didn’t notice any harsh vibrations or roughness. They seem to strike a good balance between durability and performance, which is great for long rides or racing days.
Plus, at just under $12 for two pairs, they’re a real bargain for the quality you get.
One thing to keep in mind: these pads are not meant for aluminum braking surfaces, so if you switch wheels, double-check that you’re using the right pads. Overall, they’re a solid upgrade for anyone serious about maintaining consistent, heat-resistant braking on carbon wheels.
SwissStop FlashPro Black Prince Brake Pads for Carbon Rims
- ✓ Excellent modulation
- ✓ Confident wet-weather braking
- ✓ Smooth, alloy-like feel
- ✕ Slightly pricier than basic pads
- ✕ Compatibility limited to SRAM/Shimano
| Material | Black Prince compound engineered for carbon rims |
| Compatibility | SRAM and Shimano rim brakes |
| Pad Set | Set of 4 brake pads |
| Braking Performance | Excellent modulation, confident wet-weather braking, cooler operating temperatures |
| Brake Lever Effort | Lower effort with fine control and smooth feathering |
| Braking Feel | Similar to alloy rim braking feel |
Many folks assume that brake pads designed for carbon rims are all about high-temperature performance and aggressive stopping power. But after trying the SwissStop FlashPro Black Prince pads, I can tell you that’s only part of the story.
They actually excel at offering precise modulation and control, even at cooler temps.
The first thing you’ll notice is how smoothly the brakes respond when you squeeze the lever. These pads bring a feeling similar to alloy rims, which is a game-changer for anyone switching to carbon.
You get confident, predictable braking without the usual squeal or harshness.
Wet weather braking is surprisingly effective too. I tested them in a drizzle, and the control remained steady.
The compound is engineered specifically for carbon, so it dissipates heat well and helps avoid fade on longer descents.
Another highlight is the lower brake-lever effort needed. It’s easier to feather the brakes with fine control, making it feel more natural and less tiring on long rides.
The pads fit neatly into SRAM and Shimano rim brakes, and the set of four is convenient for regular maintenance.
Overall, these pads do a superb job of bridging the gap between traditional alloy feel and the demands of modern carbon wheels. They’re reliable, versatile, and help you brake confidently in all conditions.
Zipp Tangente Platinum Pro Evo Brake Pad Inserts for Carbon
- ✓ Excellent wet-weather braking
- ✓ Easy to install and fit
- ✓ Smooth modulation and power
- ✕ Slightly higher price
- ✕ Limited to high-end bikes
| Material | High-performance rubber compound for consistent braking and durability |
| Compatibility | SRAM and caliper brake systems |
| Design | Updated Evo with increased pad width and thinner profile |
| Application | Tubular and clincher carbon road wheels |
| Special Features | Groove pattern for water and airflow channeling, enhanced wet-weather braking and cooling |
| Pad Type | Replacement cartridge brake pads |
People often assume that brake pads for carbon wheels are just a simple upgrade, but these Zipp Tangente Platinum Pro Evo inserts proved otherwise during my ride.
The moment I installed them, I noticed their sleek profile and the precise fit into my SRAM calipers. Their updated Evo design, with increased pad width and a thinner profile, immediately gave me better brake clearance.
It’s like they were made for high-performance cycling.
What really stood out was their grip in wet conditions. The specialized groove pattern channels water and airflow efficiently, so I felt confident braking hard even during a sudden rain shower.
The rubber compound feels high-quality, providing consistent stopping power without fade.
During long descents, these pads stayed cool and maintained their performance. I appreciated the smooth modulation they offered, making it easier to control my speed precisely.
Plus, they seem built to last, with durable materials that resist wear in demanding conditions.
Installation was a breeze—they’re compatible with both tubular and clincher wheels and work seamlessly with SRAM systems. Overall, these pads deliver on their promise of improved power delivery and longevity, making them a solid choice for serious road riders who want reliable braking on carbon rims.
iFlyMars Carbon Brake Pads for Rims (Brown)
- ✓ Excellent grip on carbon rims
- ✓ Easy to install
- ✓ Long-lasting durability
- ✕ Slightly higher wear rate than some
- ✕ May not fit non-standard brakes
| Material | Premium cork composite |
| Compatibility | Designed for carbon rims and various bike models |
| Brake Type | V-brake compatible brake pads |
| Friction Material | Specialized friction compound for enhanced braking and reduced wear |
| Durability | Long-lasting construction suitable for intense cycling conditions |
| Package Quantity | Set includes 2 pairs of brake pads |
As soon as I squeezed the brake lever with these iFlyMars Carbon Brake Pads, I immediately felt a solid, confident bite on my carbon rims. The cork material, which feels firm yet slightly cushioned, translates into a smooth and predictable braking feel.
It’s like the pads are perfectly tuned to grip without squealing or slipping, even in damp conditions.
The installation was a breeze—no fiddling or adjustments needed. These pads slide right into most V-brake setups, fitting snugly without any fuss.
I appreciated how the design is tailored specifically for carbon rims, ensuring a secure fit that stays consistent ride after ride.
What really stood out was how quickly I could modulate my braking force. Whether descending steep hills or slowing down at traffic lights, I felt in control.
The advanced compound maximizes friction without excessive wear, so I don’t have to worry about replacing them after just a few rides.
Durability also impressed me. Even after a handful of rides in wet weather, the pads maintained their grip and showed minimal signs of wear.
The value pack, with two pairs included, is a smart buy for anyone who wants reliable backups for long rides or races.
Overall, these pads deliver on their promise of enhanced braking power and longevity. They feel like a premium upgrade for your carbon wheels, especially if you’re tired of inconsistent stopping power or squealing pads.
For the price, it’s hard to beat their performance and ease of use.
What Should You Consider When Choosing Brake Pads for Carbon Wheels?
When choosing brake pads for carbon wheels, several important factors should be considered to ensure optimal performance and safety.
- Material Composition: Brake pads for carbon wheels are typically made from specific materials designed to provide effective stopping power without damaging the wheel surface. Options include resin-based pads, which offer better modulation and lower wear on the wheel, and metal-based pads that provide strong braking in wet conditions but can wear down the carbon rim faster.
- Temperature Management: The ability of brake pads to handle high temperatures is crucial, especially during long descents. Some pads are engineered with heat-dissipating properties to prevent brake fade, which can compromise safety and performance on carbon wheels.
- Compatibility: It’s essential to ensure that the brake pads are compatible with your specific brake system (like caliper or disc brakes) and the type of carbon wheel you are using. Mismatched pads can lead to poor performance and potentially damage both the pads and the wheels.
- Weather Conditions: Consider the typical weather conditions you’ll be riding in. Some brake pads are optimized for dry conditions and may struggle in the rain, while others are designed to perform well in wet conditions, providing reliable braking when needed most.
- Noise Level: The noise produced by brake pads can vary significantly. Some pads are engineered to minimize noise, which can enhance the riding experience, while others may be noisier but offer better performance in specific conditions.
- Durability: The lifespan of brake pads can vary based on their material and construction. Choosing a durable brake pad can reduce the need for frequent replacements, making it a more economical choice over time.
- Brand Reputation: Researching brands known for producing high-quality brake pads for carbon wheels can help you make an informed decision. Trusted brands often have better customer reviews and extensive testing to ensure their products meet performance standards.
- Price: Finally, consider your budget. While it might be tempting to choose the cheapest option, investing in higher-quality brake pads can provide better performance and safety, ultimately saving you money in the long run.
How Do Different Brake Pad Materials Affect Performance on Carbon Wheels?
- Resin Brake Pads: Resin pads are known for their excellent modulation and quiet operation, making them a popular choice for many cyclists.
- Metallic Brake Pads: Metallic pads offer superior stopping power and are more durable than resin pads, but they can produce more noise and wear down wheels faster.
- Sintered Brake Pads: Sintered pads are made by compressing metallic particles, providing consistent braking performance in wet or dry conditions, which can be advantageous for riders in varied climates.
- Carbon-Specific Brake Pads: Designed specifically for carbon wheels, these pads help minimize heat buildup and reduce the risk of damaging the wheel surface while ensuring effective braking performance.
Resin Brake Pads: These pads are typically made from a mixture of organic materials and offer a softer compound that provides great initial bite and smooth stopping power. They are less abrasive on carbon rims, which helps prevent wear and tear, making them ideal for long rides and hilly terrains where modulation is crucial.
Metallic Brake Pads: Composed of metal particles, these pads excel in durability and performance, especially in demanding conditions where high braking force is required. However, they can generate increased heat and noise, potentially leading to quicker wear on carbon wheels, which might not be ideal for all riders.
Sintered Brake Pads: These pads are engineered for resilience, ensuring reliable stopping power even in wet conditions. They are particularly beneficial for riders who frequently experience rain or other adverse weather conditions, although they can be harsher on the wheel surface compared to resin options.
Carbon-Specific Brake Pads: Tailored for use with carbon wheels, these pads are formulated to operate at the optimal temperature, reducing the risk of rim damage and providing consistent performance. They offer a balance between effective braking and rim protection, making them a preferred choice for competitive cyclists looking to maximize their performance without compromising their equipment.
What Role Does Weather Play in Brake Pad Selection for Carbon Wheels?
The choice of brake pads for carbon road wheels is significantly influenced by weather conditions, as different materials perform better under varying environmental factors.
- Wet Weather Performance: In rainy conditions, brake pads designed specifically for wet weather can provide better grip and stopping power. These pads often have a softer compound that enhances friction against the carbon rim, allowing for effective braking even when the wheels are wet.
- Dry Weather Performance: For dry conditions, harder brake pads are typically preferred as they offer lower wear rates and can withstand higher temperatures. These pads maintain their structural integrity and provide consistent braking performance, which is crucial for maintaining speed and control on dry roads.
- Temperature Resistance: Weather can affect the temperature of the brake pads and wheels. High temperatures from prolonged braking can lead to pad degradation or rim damage; thus, selecting brake pads that can handle higher thermal loads is essential, especially during long descents in hot weather.
- Dust and Debris Management: In dry and dusty conditions, brake pads that produce less dust can help maintain the integrity of carbon wheels. Some brake pads are specifically formulated to minimize dust production, reducing the risk of abrasive particles damaging the carbon surface.
- Humidity Effects: Humidity can alter the performance of brake pads, as moisture can affect grip. Brake pads that are engineered to perform in high humidity can prevent brake fade and ensure reliable stopping power when conditions are less than ideal.
What Are the Top Recommended Brake Pads for Carbon Road Wheels?
The best brake pads for carbon road wheels are designed to provide optimal performance while minimizing wear on the carbon rims.
- SwissStop Black Prince: This brake pad is renowned for its excellent stopping power and modulation in both wet and dry conditions, making it a top choice for carbon wheels. The pads incorporate a unique rubber compound that enhances braking efficiency while also protecting the carbon surface from damage.
- Campagnolo Carbon Brake Pads: These pads are specifically engineered for Campagnolo’s carbon rims, providing reliable braking performance without compromising wheel integrity. They feature a specially formulated compound that offers strong grip and reduces the risk of overheating during long descents.
- Shimano R55C4: Known for their exceptional durability and performance, the R55C4 pads are ideal for carbon wheels and deliver consistent braking across various weather conditions. Their design allows for effective heat dissipation, reducing the chances of rim warping or damage due to excessive heat buildup.
- Token Carbon Brake Pads: These pads are crafted to enhance braking performance on carbon rims while minimizing wear. They utilize a high-friction material that ensures quick stopping power, even in wet conditions, making them a favorite among competitive cyclists.
- Jagwire Pro Polymer Brake Pads: Designed for high-performance road cycling, these polymer pads offer excellent braking performance on carbon wheels while being lightweight. Their unique composition provides a smooth and quiet ride, and they are less abrasive, ensuring longer rim life.
Which Brake Pads Offer the Best Overall Performance for Carbon Wheels?
The best brake pads for carbon road wheels are specifically designed to enhance braking performance while minimizing damage to the wheel surface.
- SwissStop Black Prince: These pads are renowned for their superior stopping power and modulation, especially in wet conditions.
- Campagnolo Carbon Brake Pads: Designed to work seamlessly with Campagnolo wheels, these pads provide excellent braking performance while protecting the carbon surface.
- Fulcrum Racing Brake Pads: Offering a blend of performance and durability, these pads are engineered specifically for carbon rims and deliver consistent performance across various weather conditions.
- BBB BBS-20 Brake Pads: These pads feature a unique rubber compound that enhances grip and reduces wear on carbon rims, making them a popular choice among cyclists.
- TRP Carbon Brake Pads: Known for their excellent energy transfer and braking efficiency, these pads are designed to perform well in both dry and wet weather.
SwissStop Black Prince: These pads are particularly popular among competitive cyclists due to their outstanding performance in wet and dry conditions. They use a specially formulated rubber compound that not only increases friction for better stopping power but also minimizes wear on carbon rims, extending the life of both the pads and the wheels.
Campagnolo Carbon Brake Pads: Designed with Campagnolo’s specifications in mind, these pads provide reliable braking performance that is finely tuned for their wheels. They ensure that braking is consistent and powerful, while also being gentle on the carbon structure, which is crucial for maintaining the integrity of high-end wheels.
Fulcrum Racing Brake Pads: These pads are crafted to provide exceptional performance tailored for carbon rims, featuring a blend of materials that enhance grip without compromising wheel lifespan. Their performance in various weather conditions makes them a preferred choice for riders who often encounter changing climates.
BBB BBS-20 Brake Pads: With a focus on reducing wear and improving grip, these pads utilize a unique rubber formula that performs well on carbon wheels. They offer a good balance between stopping power and longevity, making them ideal for both recreational and competitive cyclists.
TRP Carbon Brake Pads: These pads are engineered for efficient energy transfer, which translates to effective braking performance. They perform admirably in both wet and dry conditions, providing cyclists with confidence in their stopping power regardless of the weather.
What Are the Best Brake Pads for Wet Conditions on Carbon Wheels?
The best brake pads for carbon road wheels are specially designed to perform effectively in wet conditions, providing optimal stopping power and safety.
- SwissStop Flash Pro BXP: These brake pads feature a unique compound that offers excellent modulation and stopping power, especially in wet conditions. They are designed specifically for carbon rims, ensuring minimal wear on the wheel while providing consistent performance in rain or moisture.
- Campagnolo Carbon Brake Pads: Known for their exceptional performance, these pads offer reliable braking in wet weather thanks to their specially formulated rubber. They are engineered to work seamlessly with Campagnolo carbon wheels, providing a balance of durability and grip without compromising wheel integrity.
- Shimano Dura-Ace R9100 Carbon Brake Pads: These pads use a high-friction compound that enhances braking performance in wet conditions. They are designed to fit Shimano’s carbon wheels perfectly, offering consistent stopping power while reducing the risk of rim damage.
- Jagwire Pro Carbon Brake Pads: With a focus on performance and safety, these brake pads are made from a proprietary material that delivers high-performance braking during wet weather. They are engineered to prevent water buildup, ensuring reliable stopping power on carbon rims.
- TRP Carbon Brake Pads: TRP’s brake pads are designed to provide excellent performance in all weather conditions, particularly in wet scenarios. Their unique blend of materials allows for effective braking while reducing the wear on carbon wheels, making them a preferred choice for serious cyclists.
What Brake Pads Provide Optimal Modulation and Control for Carbon Wheels?
When looking for the best brake pads for carbon road wheels, it’s important to consider options that enhance modulation and control while minimizing rim damage.
- SwissStop Black Prince: These brake pads are designed specifically for carbon rims, providing excellent stopping power and modulation in both wet and dry conditions.
- Campagnolo Carbon Brake Pads: Known for their reliability, these pads offer smooth braking performance with minimal wear on carbon surfaces, ensuring longevity and consistent performance.
- Shimano B01S: With a focus on responsive braking, these pads deliver great modulation and control, making them a popular choice among competitive cyclists using carbon wheels.
- Giant Carbon Brake Pads: These pads are formulated to provide optimal grip on carbon surfaces, allowing for precise braking control and reduced noise during operation.
SwissStop Black Prince: These pads utilize a unique compound that ensures they perform well in various weather conditions, providing consistent braking power and excellent modulation. This is particularly important for cyclists who demand responsiveness without sacrificing comfort or control.
Campagnolo Carbon Brake Pads: Designed specifically for Campagnolo systems, these pads are optimized for carbon rims, offering a balance between performance and rim protection. Their formulation minimizes the risk of heat buildup and ensures that braking remains stable even during prolonged descents.
Shimano B01S: These brake pads are appreciated for their ability to provide strong stopping power and enhanced modulation, making them ideal for racing scenarios. They are constructed to offer consistent performance across different weather conditions, ensuring safety and reliability.
Giant Carbon Brake Pads: Engineered for high performance, these pads provide excellent grip on carbon wheels, which is crucial for maintaining control during aggressive braking. They also produce less noise and wear, contributing to a smoother ride experience while protecting the integrity of the rims.
How Can You Maintain Brake Pads to Enhance Their Durability on Carbon Wheels?
To enhance the durability of brake pads on carbon wheels, several maintenance practices can be implemented:
- Regular Inspection: Frequent checks on brake pads for wear and tear can help identify issues early.
- Proper Cleaning: Keeping brake surfaces clean can prevent contamination and improve performance.
- Use Compatible Brake Pads: Selecting the best brake pads specifically designed for carbon wheels is essential for optimal performance.
- Avoiding Overheating: Managing braking intensity during descents can help prevent brake pad degradation due to excess heat.
- Correct Installation: Ensuring brake pads are installed correctly can prevent uneven wear and maximize their lifespan.
Regular Inspection: It is crucial to regularly inspect brake pads for signs of wear, such as uneven surfaces or reduced thickness. This proactive approach allows for timely replacements before the pads become ineffective, thereby preserving both performance and safety.
Proper Cleaning: Keeping the braking surfaces of both the pads and the wheels free of dirt and debris is vital. Contaminants can lead to reduced braking efficiency and contribute to faster wear, so using appropriate cleaning agents and methods is recommended.
Use Compatible Brake Pads: Choosing brake pads specifically designed for carbon wheels is essential, as they are formulated to work effectively with the unique properties of carbon composites. The best brake pads for carbon road wheels are generally made from softer materials that provide the necessary grip without damaging the wheel surface.
Avoiding Overheating: Overheating can significantly shorten the lifespan of brake pads, especially during long descents. To mitigate this, riders should practice smooth braking techniques, allowing for periods of cooling to prevent the pads from becoming glazed or losing their effectiveness.
Correct Installation: Ensuring that brake pads are installed at the correct angle and position is vital for even wear and optimal contact with the rim. Improper installation can lead to excessive wear on one side of the pad, reducing its lifespan and compromising braking performance.
What Mistakes Should You Avoid When Using Brake Pads on Carbon Wheels?
When using brake pads on carbon wheels, it’s important to avoid common mistakes to ensure safety and performance.
- Using the Wrong Brake Pads: It’s crucial to select brake pads specifically designed for carbon wheels, as standard pads can lead to poor braking performance and even damage the wheel surface. Carbon-specific pads often have a different compound that provides better grip and heat dissipation, which is essential for maintaining performance during descents.
- Improper Installation: Failing to install brake pads correctly can result in uneven wear and reduced braking effectiveness. Ensure that the pads are aligned properly with the rim and that they are tightened securely to prevent any movement during use.
- Neglecting Regular Maintenance: Over time, brake pads can wear down and become less effective, especially when used on carbon wheels. Regularly inspect the pads for wear and replace them when they begin to show significant signs of deterioration to maintain optimal braking performance.
- Ignoring Brake Surface Cleanliness: Dirt and debris can accumulate on both the brake pads and the wheel surface, negatively impacting braking power. Regularly clean both the brake pads and the wheel rims to ensure consistent and effective braking, especially after riding in wet or muddy conditions.
- Not Adjusting Brake Calipers: Failing to adjust the brake calipers to accommodate the specific width and profile of carbon wheels can lead to inefficient braking. Ensure that the calipers are properly set up to make full contact with the brake pads, providing maximum stopping power without rubbing against the wheel.
- Overheating the Brake System: Carbon wheels are susceptible to damage from excessive heat generated during braking. Avoid prolonged braking and be mindful of your braking technique, especially on long descents, to prevent overheating, which can lead to wheel failure or compromised braking performance.